Fgm: Female Genital Mutilation :: essays research papers

FGM: Female Genital Mutilation Female genital mutilation has been practiced in country's around the world for thousands of years, and will continue to be practiced, until those that practice it decide to stop. Many people who live in country's that are more industrialized, like the U.S.A., tend to think that no ones believes on right and wrong is correct, except their own. That is what comes up in conversation about FGM. Personally, I am not pro-FGM when it comes to its practice. However, I believe people who want to practice it, should be allowed to, without a bunch of "activists against the practice of FGM" telling them to stop, or even "informing" them about the potential health risks. The reason I am against even explaining the health risks to the people that practice this is, because whenever you have people that believe enough in something to base their entire life around it, there is nothing you can do or say that will get them to change; it would be like talking to a wall. They will only change when the people themselves that live by these traditions get fed up with all the side-effects caused by the practice of FGM. It is every person and community's right to decide for themselves, without the intervention of outsiders, to decide to do whatever they want to do to their bodies and minds. I know, "these women that are being circumcised, aren't freely deciding on this to be done to them, they don't know any better, they've been brainwashed". I have two responses to this. The first is, if they have grown up in this culture all their lives, and this procedure has been done to their mothers, sisters, great grandmothers, etc. on the fear that if it is not done, something tearable will happen, there is no way they would not want it done; no matter how much pain it causes, and besides those that are able to break away from the thought of why it must be done, will do so with or without the help of outsiders. But if they're that committed to the tradition, they will change for no one. The second point is, when you decide you are going to educate these people about how their traditions are wrong and unhealthy, that is saying you know better. You may think they are stupid for preforming FGM, but you must remember, they think you are just as stupid for not performing it. Perhaps, these people that perform FGM have philosophy classes too, where they

A Clockwork Orange Essay

The novel A Clockwork Orange written by Anthony Burgess and published in 1962 is a brilliant commentary on humanity and morality in our evermore controlling world. Burgess believes that the freedom to make moral choices is what seperates human beings from plant life and lower animals. He illustrates his beliefs on morality with his main character Alex. Alex is given freedom to make his own choices, and is able to see good and bad as both equally valid decisions. Once the state removes Alex’s right to make these moral choices he becomes nothing more then just a thing. This novel uses elements such as the Christian idea of morality to further this point. Also Burgess uses his own creation, the language of Nadsat to further this point that our reality is subjective to our moral stances in this world. The language Brugess developed is the fashionable dialect amongst the teens of A Clockwork Orange. Deemed Nadsat by Burgess to reflect the Russian roots of its dialect, â€Å"Indeed, the word ‘nadsat’ actually comes from the Russian suffix for ‘teen’. † (What Effects Does the Language in A Clockwork Orange Have on the Reader). Burgess developed the language of Nadsat after learning Russian for a trip he had been planning with his wife. This article explains the language as us elements of Anglo-American, but many of the words having Slavic roots. †The language,nadsat, is explained by Blake Morrison in his introduction to the book as, ‘essentially Anglo-American †¦ but many of the words are Slavic in origin,’. † (What Effects Does the Language in A Clockwork Orange Have on the Reader). This is a testament to Burgess’ ability to manipulate English and other origins of language to paint a picture and create an atmosphere with words. Another example of Burgess utilization of vocabulary is in main character Alex’s name, that stems from a-lex which has means without law, a fair testament to his personality, and behavior, â€Å"Another interesting feature of the book, related to the language, is the meaning of Alex’s name, which comes from a-lex, which means without, or outside the law. † (What Effects Does the Language in A Clockwork Orange Have on the Reader). The language was developed to have certain effects on the reader, and put emphasis on the first person perspective in which this novel was written. One of the effects the use of Nadsat has on the reader is creating a distancing feeling from reader to Alex and his story. This makes the reader feel like more of an outside observer to the happenings of this novel. However, dialect used like â€Å"O my brothers† creates a conflict effect to the effects of Nadsat, as it is inclusive as opposed to distancing. This gives the novel a feel that Alex is telling his story to you, a close friend, in a later more stable time in Alex’s life. This article establishes recognition of this incongruous literary device, â€Å"the way in which Alex addresses us, quite often with the words ‘O my brothers. ‘ makes the story being told more personal, as it seems to be just us that Alex is talking to, and we are in receipt of an amazing story which is only being told to a chosen few. This use of language is incongruous to the use of the nadsat†¦ † (What Effects Does the Language in A Clockwork Orange Have on the Reader). The trend of distancing through Nadsat is continued in the effect it has on dulling the violence and graphic content found throughout A Clockwork Orange. Most of the context in which Nadsat is used contains discussions of ultra violent behaviors. This allows the reader to judge and observe Alex with only a vague understanding of the extent of his violent and sinister activities. This article illustrates this point with a quote from Burgess, the violence in the book is partially veiled, making it seem less shocking. As Burgess himself explained;’to tolchock a chelloveck in the kishkas does not sound as bad as booting a man in the guts. ‘† (What Effects Does the Language in A Clockwork Orange Have on the Reader). Another effect Nadsat has on the reader is that it helps differentiate the teenagers from mature adults, or furthermore, those who carry a similar ideology, or hold a similar understanding to main character, Alex, and those who do not. As Illustrated in this article, â€Å"In one way, however, Burgess’ use of the nadsat provides a useful reference point for us in figuring out who among the characters is a ‘teen’ and who is not. † (What Effects Does the Language in A Clockwork Orange Have on the Reader). This point is also made by Alex in part three,†Oh, that,† I said, â€Å"is what we call nadsat talk. All the teens use that, sir. (A Clockwork Orange, 167). This article is an introduction to Brugess’ creation, Nadsat. It clarifies the roots and origins of the dialect found in a Clockwork Orange. Explaining where Anthony Burgess found the inspiration to develop the dialect to represent the youth of his novel. Also it helps the reader understand the effects Burgess is trying to have on your perception of the story with the introduction of Nadsat. These understandings all furthers your understanding and immersion into the story and ideals behind the story A Clockwork Orange, which I think is one of the many reasons this great story carries such a cult following. A clockwork orange Essay By the end of the novel Alex has changed as if by clockwork, because he cannot stop himself growing up into an adult and he knows that he will become one of the bullied people as the new youth are born, and if he has kids that they will go through the same process as he did, just like clockwork and he cannot stop it from happening: † and nor would I be able to stop him. And nor would he be able to stop his own son, brothers. And so it would itty on to like the end of the world†. After chapter two, he said â€Å"I am a clockwork orange†, this is because after Lodovico’s technique, he had no free will because as he could not even protect himself from fights because whatever the doctors said he would do, in this sense he has become a machine, or a clockwork toy, like children’s toys, as this novel has many references to children’s things, which have been warped, like the milk with drugs in it, and now Alex being a clockwork toy. These attempts to change him failed because he had become a mechanism of the doctors, and change was forced upon him, but the final chapter of the book shows that people change and mature naturally from within, change cannot be forced upon them. The novel â€Å"Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde† has a completely different structure to that of â€Å"A Clockwork orange†. In Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde there is the use of multiple narrators, instead of just the one. This tells us, that there was no voice for the people not in the higher class of society with the upper class only important, because all the narrators are all high-class people with well paid jobs, as seen by: â€Å"Mr Utterson the lawyer† this shows that Victorians had a very narrow view of society. This relates to Robert Louis Stevenson’s background because he was brought up in the upper middle classes of Edinburgh, he was raised as a Calvinist, in which the elect were the ones blessed by God, who turn out rich and the reprobates had a bad life, however Stevenson rebels against this and gives up law to become a writer, and he marries an already divorced woman with three children, he also by the final years of his life travels the world, this is why we only hear from Jekyll/Hyde in the last chapter, because Hyde represents rebellion , as Roberts life was very restricted, like Jekyll before he rebelled, but after he rebelled he was free like Hyde. Stevenson breaks the book apart in this way because at the time he wrote the book, society was disintegrating, as immigrants were coming to London bringing disease, religion was breaking apart because of science, crime was rising, and there was a huge division of classes, and Hyde in the novel is represented as foreign, as he is described as â€Å"some damned juggernaut†, which is a Indian religious statue which is carried through the streets not stopping even if people are crushed underneath it, portraying him a some sort of disease. The language of Jekyll represents that of the other narrators in the novel, because all of them are upper class men so they are expected to talk in a certain manner, as seen: â€Å"But I have been pedantically exact, as you call it†, this is quite a high class way of speech, and Jekyll is narrowed by this way of speech because he is high class. However in the final chapter, the language starts to change because he has to make a final decision about who to stay as, Jekyll, or Hyde, as he start to become scared, as when Jekyll starts to describe his transformation into Hyde the language becomes more fluent, fun, youthful language: â€Å"Edward Hyde would pass away like a stain of breath upon a mirror† However Jekyll’s speech was respectable, but with boundaries, and was very sharp and did not flow like Hyde’s. Jekyll enjoys evil in the form of Hyde, because in a way it gives Jekyll an opportunity to experience free life without having to be a lower class. He enjoys the life of Hyde more because it has no boundaries, and he feels free with it. In Jekyll’s normal life he is bounded by upper class rules so he has no passion, which he really wants. This resembles † A Clockwork Orange†, as the final chapter of A clockwork Orange, ends unhappily, because Alex has lost all his passion, and beauty, because of his changes in music: â€Å"I was slooshying more like malenky romantic songs† when he was small he was full of life when hearing Beethoven, and he has lost that as he has become older, his fun youth days have gone. This is like Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde because with Jekyll his class binds him, so he cannot be free and have wild fun, but when he is Hyde he is free and youthful: â€Å"I was often plunged into a kind of wonder at my vicarious depravity†, he is also † younger, lighter, happier†, and he gets a † heady recklessness† when Hyde. Stevenson is like Hyde in the sense that, Hyde is a figure of rebellion again the upper class boundaries, and Stevenson did exactly the same as he rebelled against Calvinist beliefs. He could also be seen like Jekyll, bounded because of his class, but Stevenson bounded by his illness, and all the time he wanted to break free, and finally he did, to become an individual, not held back by beliefs, or morals. This novel says that morals and classes cannot bind human nature, people have to become what they become, and there is no stopping that, because as people grow they will change, and rebel against beliefs, which they think, are wrong. A Clockwork Orange Essay Anthony Burgess uses a number of devices to evoke both sympathy and empathy from the reader, most notably in the direction of the novella’s protagonist. Alex’s first person narrative thrusts the reader into the dystopian world Burgess creates and the twisted actions he undertakes as a part of his drug-fuelled ‘ultra-violence’. Despite this, the reader is also forced into grasping the understanding of the morally disturbed character and Burgess cleverly manipulates Alex as a representation of the young and troubled generation. The plot itself equally contributes to the readers feeling towards Alex as he additionally becomes a government subject; torturing his mind to remove any capacity of evil and the subsequent downward spiral his life takes. But Burgess continually begs the question: is it possible to feel sympathy for a character capable of the most disgraceful crimes? Structurally, Burgess uses the formation of the novella itself and the division of the parts as a method of finding empathy for Alex. Each part begins with the same question to the reader: â€Å"What’s it going to be then, eh? † which at the start appears innocuous as they decide on their night’s dwellings. But this is repeated in the beginning of the second part as Alex is imprisoned; the same question now has an alternative meaning, his future looks bleak and he is sentenced to a stint in prison because of the murder he commits. Instead of an innocuous question, it now is a meaningful question in the readers head evoking empathy by the uncertainty of his punishment and the impending circumstances of the ‘staja’. Yet the final repetition of the question in the concluding part of the novella enforces the most empathy. Firstly the cyclical nature of the question as it refers right back to the beginning suggests to the reader that perhaps Alex is now actually faced with a choice to either improve his life or to continue to neglect his obvious intelligence. What evokes perhaps the most empathy is that because of his torturing under the Ludivico Technique, he no longer has the capacity to commit evil and free will is ripped away from him. The reader is forced into a moral dilemma through Burgess’s manipulation of the structure which confirms the fear that he has become ‘A Clockwork Orange’. One of the most effective methods Burgess uses is the first person narrative of Alex. First person becomes a tool in the novella which allows Alex to convey his deepest thoughts to the reader, and the perspective of events. Because Burgess uses first person narrative, the reader is forced into the mind of Alex, giving an excellent insight into the absence of morality in the main character. Alex says: â€Å"where was I to go, who had no home and not much cutter? † despite being a criminal, the first person narrative immediately changes the viewpoint for the reader who now sympathises with Alex who is seemingly helpless and abandoned. Burgess successfully uses this narrative to ensure that the reader’s reaction is maximised; the closer to the action the reader is, the more likely they are to feel emotion for the character involved. In the context of the novella, this is following from his family’s rejection of him who have replaced him with ‘Joe’; adding to the sympathy from the reader because family is supposedly the main body of support in life and when your family fails you, that renders you helpless. Alex’s narrative certainly includes numerous examples of emotive language â€Å"I’ve suffered and I’ve suffered and everybody wants me to go on suffering† here the repetition of the word â€Å"suffering† cements the idea to the reader that this is a character who has faced adversity and has appears to have the world against him. The first person narrative immediately sides the reader with Alex, defending his actions when everybody else turns on him. The word â€Å"suffering† suggests the pain Alex has been through, which Burgess conveys to the reader in order to connect with the character in spite of his sickening acts. The device of first person narrative develops into a powerful method of evoking empathy of the reader; shared emotions of the troubled character allow the reader to enter Alex’s mind and the thought process behind the violence thus excusing him from even the most unacceptable atrocities. How Alex addresses the reader is also a method which Burgess uses as a connecting link. Whilst in first person narrative, he addresses the reader continually: â€Å"O, my brothers†. Initially this appears to be neither transcending nor condescending which gives the reader a certain relation to Alex, as if he was a regular person somebody would meet. But also the connotations of the word â€Å"brother† is significant as it develops a fraternal relationship between the reader and Alex; a family, brotherly bond where the trouble Alex finds himself in, the reader understands and can even begin defending him. But as the plot progresses Alex also appeals to the reader directly labelling himself: â€Å"Your Humble Narrator†. The language is suggestive of Alex lowering of himself, in service to the reader. To the reader, this changes the relationship previously outlined by the character who now considers himself beneath his superiors and perhaps this is a result of the continual demise of his life and his treatment, the lack of confidence and recognition of his place on the social hierarchy. The character of Alex himself can certainly be seen as a device constructed by Burgess which attracts sympathy. Notably, his love of classical music is considered an acquired taste and is associated with the higher class things in life as a fine art. But his passion for it is evident: â€Å"Then, brothers, it came. Oh, bliss, bliss and heaven† and his reaction upon hearing his favourite sound is interesting as he closes himself from the rest of the world in his corner of his bedroom. In relation to a 1960’s audience when classical music was perhaps more common in society, Alex’s preference would have certainly be shared with many people of the era. The effect this has is that both the reader and the main character have a shared taste, a common ground, linking them. Here, sympathy is created by Burgess as the readers feel closer to Alex through his love of classical music, giving him a more human side despite his violent tendencies. In conclusion, the novella on the whole culminates to evoke sympathy for the main character. Burgess main device of achieving so is certainly the first person narrative in which the audience is given the clearest insight into the protagonist’s actions and thoughts; making a strong bond from the beginning. Rather than ‘not encouraging to find much sympathy’ indeed it is actually hard to not find sympathy in the character of Alex. Ultimately the audience’s moral dilemma of feeling sympathy for a character capable of the most sinister acts is overridden by the embedded human nature of nurturing and rehabilitation; even the most evil of criminals can be put on the right path and change their ways. A clockwork orange Essay Q1. What do we learn about the character of Alex in â€Å"A clockwork orange† form the first four chapters? In â€Å"A clockwork orange† Alex is the main character, there are also 3 other important characters too they are Dim, Pete and Georgie, they are all in the same gang. Alex is the leader of this gang we know this because he calls Dim, Pete and Georgie â€Å"his droogs†. Alex is fifteen years old and he is a teenager who enjoys drinking and taking drugs, like all teenagers he is rebellious. He has a lot of power over people and can be quite manipulating at times as in chapter one he buys some drinks for some ‘old baboochkas’ so he has an alibi. We find out that Alex is fascinated and enjoys violence and sex. He chooses to do the bad things he does because he likes to do them ‘But what I do I do because I like to do’. We learn that Alex is well educated and can speak politely to people who are able to find out what he does and make him stop doing what he does, like P. R. Deltoid, his post-corrective adviser; he talks to him very politely however he does go over the top on the politeness and sounds patronising for example ‘to what do I owe the extreme pleasure? Is anything wrong, sir? ‘ we learn that he doesn’t care for anyone than himself, otherwise I don’t think he would of caused pain to innocent people. He doesn’t like to be dirty, and when Dim was all dirty and looked a mess Alex and the other two characters tidied him up. I don’t think he feels guilty after all the crimes that he commits however I do feel that he sometimes holds back and he only does the bad things he does when he has taken drugs. As well as enjoying violence and sex he enjoys classical music especially Beethoven’s ninth symphony, as when he rapes a woman in her home he puts classical music on and the way he describes the music ‘slooshying the sluice of lovely sounds’. In chapter three he associates violence with the music and climax’s with the music whilst thinking about violence. Alex is very much of an individual. Q2. What effects does the style of the novel create? The way ‘A clockwork orange’ is written is using a mixture of slang, old English, cockney rhyming slang, and foreign words, this is because it is Alex’s own special gang language. Every gang at the time had their own gang language, which could be very different or very alike to Alex’s, to this day people around the country have their own gang language. The way Anthony Burgess has written the novel has made the reader feel very involved in the violence; I sometimes feel that I have actually witnessed Alex doing the dreadful things he does. The writer has achieved this by preaching to the reader ‘O my brothers’. The word brother makes you feel part of his gang, when he is speaking to his other gang members or describing something he is doing or done, he will almost every time say ‘my brother’. The way Alex describes things he likes doing he does in so much detail and it really makes the reader feel the same way Alex does about what he likes. As it is from a males view point women aren’t seen as good as men and they are only there for sex. Q3. What do we learn of the society of the novel? In this novel we learn that the society or the area Alex lives is a very rundown area, and it is a working class area. We know there is a lot of trouble in the area as when P. R. Deltoid comes to see Alex, Alex describes him as ‘an overworked veck with hundreds on his book’ this meaning that P. R. Deltoid had lots of trouble makers to see that morning and that he had been in his job for a long time. Also people wont go out at night because of all the crime. His dad says ‘but we don’t go out much now. We daren’t go out much, the streets being what they are. Young hooligans and so on’. This also suggests that there is a big lack of police in the area to control the crime, the authority is undermined by the younger generation. There is also a lot of vandalism in the area as the ‘old municipal painting’ in his flatblock had been graffiti on by people drawing rude things on it. The painting was to show the society of the area and it describes the painting as ‘vecks and ptitsas very well developed, stern in the dignity of labour, at workbench and machine with not one stitch of platties on their well-developed plots. ‘ This is saying that the people in the society are working class however they are proud of what they do. I feel that there isn’t a lot of trust in the area as well and that everyone is frightened of each other because in chapter two the woman at the door had the chain on the door so it is obvious that she is aware of all the crime in the area and is also scared. Although in chapter four the two young girls did not know about the danger of being around Alex maybe this is because they were so vulnerable or they were not aware of the danger in the area. A Clockwork Orange Essay I chose for my text transformation to use the base text ‘A Clockwork Orange’ by Anthony Burgess. This novel interested me because of its individual language of ‘Nadsat’, a form of slang created by Burgess for gangs of violent English teenagers. The slang serves a serious purpose, which is too keep the violence of the protagonist from becoming unbearable to its reader, keeping the language partly veiled, for example making ‘gratizny bratchny’ sound more pleasant than its meaning ‘dirty bastard’. It is important to realise that its audience of the 60’s have not yet become subject to such violence and despair explored in the novel. So what have I done? I have taken four characters from the novel (Alex’s parents, Alex and the schoolmaster) and placed them into ‘The Jerry Springer Show’, creating a parody of the show. I have given Alex’s parents the names of Janet and Derek and looked at their perspective of Alex’s violent activities. As I would chronologically slot the show in just before the police catch him, I have kept Alex’s attitude of his enjoyment of violence. When the schoolmaster has been beaten up and staggers off, that is the last we have heard of him in the novel, I decided to give him a voice and see what he would have said about his attack. So why did I choose to do this? ‘The Jerry Springer Show’ is a dysfunctional show and Alex is a dysfunctional character. Jerry Springer’s show is amoral TV; it is outrageous, shocking, scandalous and hilarious. The show has no limits. Nearly all stories have major big twists that unfold as more guests get called out. These guests often get violent and try to kick and punch other parties involved, whilst typically Jerry tries to redeem his guests. This is why I think it works well with the character of Alex and his behaviour seen in the novel. The novel represents the society in which Alex lives in as complete dystopian, dark and dismal, with no law and order. ‘The Jerry Springer Show’ is a chat show, although it is very staged with his agenda-setting questions and appearing guests, the show is almost entirely full of spontaneous speech. Therefore I decided to do a transcript version of the show, although obviously not true to its discourse as I would be giving the characters a voice as appose to spontaneous speech written down as it is heard. Jerry Springer, as an American, has his own geographical dialect. It was important to keep this as well as phrases ‘singly the best audience’ and his own idiolect ‘right’, ‘well’, ‘hey’, ‘so’, to indicate his regional origin. Jerry has an informal register that contains much ellipsis, such as â€Å"you’re singly the best† and â€Å"here ’cause you love†. The graphology of the transformation is laid out in the convention of the transcript. The names of the characters have been placed on the left hand side indicating who is talking and to the right, is what is actually being said: â€Å"Alex: are you saying do i enjoy lubbilubbing with a devotchas Janet: against their will alex against their will Alex: not recently no em† Sounds that are not fore grounded I have placed in italics for example, the audience’s reactions to the quests comments â€Å"(Audience boos loudly)†. As this is a transcript and not a play, I have not included stage directions or actions taken by the characters, as a recording of the show a transcript would only contain sounds heard on the recorder. The syntax of Alex and his friends, in the novel, is completely different to that of any other characters. The Nadsat slang has derived from many different language sources but many are Slavic in origin. A mixture of Russian and demotic English, with elements of rhyming slang and gypsy talk, ‘O my brothers’, as well as anglicized words and amputations ’em’, ‘pee’.

Relationship Between Cancer And Alzheimer s Disease

Results from the Framingham Heart Study published by Driver et al, 2012(27) discussed the relationship between cancer and Alzheimer’s disease, using hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals. From this, it was concluded that â€Å"cancer vulnerability may protect against Alzheimer’s, and vice versa.† It was suggested that this may be due to both diseases sharing similar genes and proteins, providing even more reason to research further into proteins such as the immunophilins, which have a role in both diseases. Analysis of genes from large databases would further improve knowledge on the immunophilins. 4.Is there a Role for Targeting Immunophilins in Neurodegeneration? 4.1 Angioneurins In recent years, it has become clear that the neural and†¦show more content†¦4.2 Immunophilin Ligands Steiner et al, 1997,(30) found that an immunophilin ligand, GPI-1046, caused regeneration of nerve axons and myelin, and also protected nerve fibres in vitro and in vivo in rat studies, providing evidence that there is potential with regard to immunophilins and neuroprotection. Another paper by Poulter et al, 2004(31) also suggested that immunophilin ligands derived from FK506 are effective in preventing neuronal degeneration in animal studies, however in clinical trials these effects were debatable, which may be rectified by carrying out a trial for a longer period of time. The authors commented that the inconsistent results show that the action of these ligands is not fully understood. TABLE 1. The Role of Angioneurins in Neurodegeneration, adapted from the original table by Zacchigna et al, 2008 (28) Angioneurin Result of Loss of Function Result of Gain of Function Receptor Expression VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) Increased risk of ALS in humans and mice. Motor neurone loss in hypoxic mice Improves memory and learning and provides neuroprotection in models of ALS and PD, in CNS and PNS in jury and in neuropathy and retinal degeneration Receptors expressed by endothelial cells, bone marrow progenitors and various neural cell types. VEGFR1 is more abundant in glial cells and VEGFR2 in neurons NGF (Nerve Growth

Othello and Desdemona Essay - 1116 Words

In Shakespeare’s Othello, Othello and Desdemona’s marriage was doomed from the start. They did not start well; their marriage was controversial because of their race and Othello’s failure to follow proper etiquette while he was courting her. However these issues could have been overcome with time. The biggest problem is Othello’s attitude to Desdemona. Othello’s model of Desdemona prevents him from considering her a person. He thinks of her instead as superior to himself in every way, to the point that she is a god. Her race, beauty, and status make her godly in his mind. She becomes untouchable in Othello’s mind, and he begins to distance himself from her. Because Othello thinks of Desdemona as â€Å"Alabaster†(5.2.5) he will never consider†¦show more content†¦During this he paints a picture of Desdemona, and one of the critical words is alabaster. Therefore when he describes Desdemona as â€Å"Alabaster†, we can be s ure it is his inner picture of her. Alabaster’s beauty gives you an idea about his feelings of bodily inferiority to her. Alabaster is a naturally beautiful stone, used by ancient Egyptians and Chinese to make statues and vases. This word choice explains to the reader his feelings of inadequacy to Desdemona. At another time, he describes her as â€Å"fair as Dian’s visage†(3.3.389), Dian most likely being the god of healing in Celtic mythology. This gives the impression of a healthy glow surrounding her. Othello on the other hand is never said to be ugly, on the contrary, he is described as â€Å"far more fair than black†(1.3.291). However he must have felt some sensitivity about his physical appearance as it was mentioned to him constantly. Othello then goes on to describe her honor as â€Å"begrimed and black as mine own face†(3.3.390). Othello superimposes her clean and young white face with his own grimy old black face, making him seem a disgusting person. Othello’s choice of this simile shows his supposed racial inferiority. The fact that Othello believed Desdemona to be unfaithful with Cassio further proves his insecurity. Cassio is a clean white man with golden hair. Cassio is all of the beauty that Othello cannot be, and is therefore able to provide something thatShow MoreRelatedDesdemona and Othello1198 Words   |  5 PagesIn the play, The Tragedy of Othello, Shakespeare really tests our conception as to what love is, and where it can or cant exist. Judging from the relationship between Desdemona and Othello, through Nicholson’s Othello And The Geography Of Persuasion. the play seems to say that marriage based on an innocent romantic love or profane love is bound to fail. Shakespeare is pessimistic about the existence and survival of a true type of love. There is a common thread of betrayal and deceit amongRead MoreAnalysis Of Othello And Desdemona1045 Words   |  5 Pagesnot enough to stay together. In Othello by William Shakespeare, the play is set in Venice in the sixteenth century and focuses on the war between Venice and Turkey and the people who it affects. Othello is an impressive general of the Venetian armed forces, despite this he becomes influenced by a man named Iago, who yearns for Cassio’s position as lieutenant. Iago damages Othello mentally by fabricating Desdemona s relationship with Cassio. Throughout the play Othello becomes overpowered by Iago’sRead More Shakespeares Othello - Desdemona in Othello Essay1759 Words   |  8 PagesDesdemona in Othello  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   In William Shakespeare’s tragic drama Othello, the wife of the protagonist is Desdemona. She is a lovely, intelligent, wholesome and pious person. This essay will analyze her.    In Act 1 Scene1, Iago persuades the rejected suitor of Desdemona, Roderigo, to accompany him to the home of Brabantio, Desdemona’s father, in the middle of the night. Once there the two awaken him with loud shouts about his daughter’s elopement with Othello. In response to Iago’sRead MoreRelationship Between Desdemona And Othello1132 Words   |  5 Pagesinfluenced by outside sources. Desdemona and Othello’s relationship begins to turn to a breaking point when Othello’s â€Å"so called† right hand man, Iago, traduces about Desdemona. Their marriage is constantly being put to test. Desdemona and Othello have the most troubling relationship due to the influences of outside forces. To begin with, Othello and Desdemona’s relationship is troubled due to Iago’s manipulation. Firstly, Iago wants to get retribution against Othello because Othello does not give him theRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Othello, Desdemona And Othello1521 Words   |  7 Pages and the commitment honored before God. In the play â€Å"Othello†, Desdemona and Othello married, they desired to share their life together, and even consummated the marriage through sex, but their views of love differ. Let me explain the opposition of how the audience may view the handkerchief as Symbols and also how the symbols have different meaning between the characters in the play. What did the handkerchief mean to both Othello and Desdemona. Was the handkerchief a symbol of Christianity or paganismRead MoreOthello And Desdemona Failure And Failure880 Words   |  4 Pages In William Shakespeare’s Othello, the protagonist, Othello, and his wife, Desdemona contributed to the fall of their relationship, together with forces surrounding them. An innocent infatuation that progresses into an abrupt elopement can shift to a downward course. It is important for both parties in a relationship to have a solid foundation with their self and with their significant other. A variety of elements such as age, race, occupation and societal norms can induce an individual to developRead MoreOthello And Desdemona Re lationship Analysis2123 Words   |  9 PagesOthello and Desdemona have a peculiar relationship to say the least. While the story of Othello does not give us many insights on their relationship, throughout the story, we begin to question the concept of their relationship as a whole. The audience blames Othello ending in a tragedy on Iago, but as critical thinkers, they should consider the flaws of Othello and Desdemona’s relationship. Along with flaws, Othello and Desdemona had relationship issues already in areas of behavior and backgroundsRead More Shakespeares Othello - Desdemona, the Heroine in Othello Essay1883 Words   |  8 PagesDesdemona, the Heroine in Othello  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   In William Shakespeare’s Othello Michael Cassio’s praises of the richly blessed Desdemona, as he awaits her arrival on Cyprus, are well deserved. This essay will amply support this statement.    Blanche Coles in Shakespeare’s Four Giants interprets the protagonist’s very meaningful four-word greeting to Desdemona which he utters upon disembarking in Cyprus:    Othello’s four words, â€Å"O, my soul’s joy,† tell us that this beautiful VenetianRead More Shakespeares Othello - Character Development of Iago, Desdemona and Othello1052 Words   |  5 PagesCharacter Development of Iago, Desdemona and Othello  Ã‚   The three characters of Iago, Desdemona and Othello are gradually revealed to the audience as Act One unfolds. All three are linked to one another and talk to and about each other. Their characters unfold through their interaction with others and how they behave in isolation. The first impression formed of Iago comes from what Roderigo says. Being gullible, Roderigo has given Iago his purse. A character who accepts an offer like this isRead MoreA Montage Of Othello And Desdemona s Relationship1366 Words   |  6 PagesEnglish 10 25 March 2016 A Montage of Othello and Desdemona s Relationship. We find that the hardest part of life can be the one that is the most common in every person s life. Commitment has been a word that can be tossed around in relationships, with the vulnerable ring to it; that pursuit of something better can feel lost in even the most stable relationships. We find that Othello and Desdemona are not lovers. Desdemona is a bare projection for Othello s own inability to develop self-esteem

Graduation Speech High School - 909 Words

I had always done really well in school. High school I managed a 4.0 all four years. Not that this was any major feat for me. I didn’t even have to try. Show up to class, take some notes, and then pass all the tests with flying colors. I do have to thank high school for making school seem so incredibly easy, and for it making me think I was smart without even trying. Heading into college I thought I would ace though all of my classes no problem. Unfortunately, that was not the case. I walked down the aisle of my biology lecture hall, my head held high ready to take my first test as a college student. All of the students in the room were ferociously looking through notes and scribbling down things they wanted to remember. I could feel their fear leaking out of their pores and filling up the room. I had all the confidence in myself that this test would be a piece of cake. I had shown up to every class, had taken notes, and had paid attention. There was no reason to worry. The pr ofessor went to every aisle and placed enough copies of the test for the whole row on the desk. As soon as the word â€Å"go† escaped her lips, a unanimous flipping of the test over and scribbling down answers started. I picked up my pencil to begin taking the test. Once I read the first question I knew I was in for a long hour. Beads of sweat started to accumulate on all parts of my body. None of these questions were like what we had been learning in class. They were all open ended and none of them wereShow MoreRelatedGraduation Speech : High School934 Words   |  4 Pageslife would be graduation. For many people, graduating from high school is an objective. It takes a lot of time, effort, and determination to accomplish that goal. For others graduation is the end of high school, and the beginning of a new chapter in life. When graduated people feel as if adulthood has begun. In the long run, graduating opens a lot of opportunities for people to thrive. I can almost reminisce the day as if it was yesterday. I was sitting in bed like any other school day. It seemedRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School852 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to a report from Thomas Nelson Community College website, 15.7 percent is the graduation rate in 2010. 84 percent of students failed to receive their degree. That’s beyond sad. College can be difficulty especially with everyday life is getting harder to main family life work and financials. Because college is challenging, I know that I have issues that I must overcome. I told myself the more patient s I have the better success I will have. Although college will be difficult my goal isRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School Essay2254 Words   |  10 Pages The day I graduated from high school The High school graduation day is a life full of journeys for everyone, high school life is a memorable time for most people, for me as well. High school can be filled with lots of good memories for some people and it could be filled with bad memories, for me it was both I had good times and I had bad times. The High school Graduation day should definitely be the best day of your life because that means no more high school, no more having to wake up at 6Read MoreGraduation Speech : High School Graduation854 Words   |  4 Pagesfail High School graduation can be an exciting time in a student’s life. It is a time in their lives where they begin to experience the kind of freedom that comes along with growing up. This freedom allows students to choose the type of college or University they would like to attend. It is necessary that they understand how responsible they need to be with the freedom that is being offered to them. When choosing what college or university to attend it may be tempting to want to go to a school thatRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School Graduation1507 Words   |  7 PagesForest English 1010 9/9/2014 Graduation During our lives, most of us have hated getting up early. Whether we as humans enjoy mornings or not, we’re always looking forward to that unforgettable day. That special is high school graduation for me. Graduation is a ceremony that recognizes students that have excelled through school. Graduation was one of the best days of my life, perhaps even better than the day that I started college. There is no other day like graduation where there comes this feelingRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School Graduation933 Words   |  4 PagesHigh School Graduation With regards to high school graduation, Balfanz, Herzog, and Iver (2007) followed 12,972 Philadelphia students enrolled in traditional middle schools from six grade (1996-1997) until 1 year beyond their expected graduation from high school (2003-2004) in order to understand what indicators would affect their projected graduation date. Unlike many of the early K-8 schools, the population Balfanz et al followed consisted of 64% African American, 19% White, 12% Hispanic,Read MoreGraduation Speech On High School Graduation851 Words   |  4 PagesThere Is No Success Without The Opportunity to Fail High School graduation can be an exciting time in a student’s life. It is a time when they begin to experience the kind of freedom that comes along with growing up. This freedom allows students to choose the type of college or University they would like to attend. It is necessary that they understand how responsible they need to be with the freedom that is being offered to them. When choosing what college or university they would like toRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School997 Words   |  4 Pagesup, I loved going to school and dreamed of one day attending college. Attending school every day and receiving good grades had become my top priority from K-12. I excelled from K-8th grade, but entering into high school was completely different than primary school. The atmosphere and environment was new to me, I was free to roam the halls or walk back out the door without any repercussions. This began my downward spiral in high school. My freshman year was by far the best school year for me becauseRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School897 Words   |  4 PagesHigh school was one of the most challenging moments in my life. Not only did I have to deal with the academic pressures and social issues from my peers I had external factors that were heavily impacting me as well. During my junior year my mom separated from her husband and me and my three little brothe rs ended up staying house to house with close relatives. Shortly after that time at the beginning of my senior year, my mom was sent to prison. In the midst of dealing with all of the demands thatRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School Essay1434 Words   |  6 PagesWhen I was in high school I had one goal, I would graduate top of my class and go to the University of Florida for pre-medicine, then onto their medical school. I never considered that I would want anything else, so I went to a specialty high school that would allow me to specialize in Biomedical sciences(STEM) and never even thought about the possibility of a life other than the one I had so precisely planned out for myself. When my nephews were born my sophomore year all of my priorities changed

Opportunities of Marketing

Question : 1.The Frist Objective in Marketing is discovering and Satisfing consumer Needs.? 2.What Segmentation Apporoch does the case Suggest ? 3.It as it reates to our current Marketing Decision? 4.Conduct a PEST analysis of the external Environment in Which Hershey Operates ? 5.What might be theair likely actions in response toThis Marketing initiative ? 6.Recommend a Marketing strategy for Hershey's take five new Product Launch ? Answer: 1. Focus groups were conducted that indicated that the target audience audience for the new Hersheys chocolate product could be of the age between late teen and young adulthood. The individuals within this age are soon to be graduates, work full time or part time and get their first taste of independence and responsibility. When they are in the mood to take a break from their hectic lives, they prefer to enjoy it. The new product would have been a fun treat for these individuals. The ingredients of the bars, like caramel wafer, pretzel and chocolate would encourage them to eat the product in playful ways. The product was to be used as an alternative to other products like Coffee Crisp and Kit Kat. The unique taste that the product had was very much appealing to the consumers. 2. The case suggests a consumer response segmentation approach. This approach believes that the reason why a consumer would buy the product needs to be unearthed and assessed. Such a responses are beneficial from all aspects (Solomon 2017). Hersheys has given efforts to understand why the young generation group would like the new product and prefer it over other products of different companies. This is a practical approach that would bring amendments in the marketing strategy as per the needs of the consumers. The other segmentation approach that can be considered is the consumer characteristic approach. This would be effective in highlighting the psychographic, demographic and geographic features of the potential consumers. Understanding these differences would highlight the differences in preferences for chocolates on the basis of regional differences. This would aid in a divided marketing plan if needed. Social class of the consumers would direct the pricing strategy for the product so as to meet the target sales figure (Armstrong 2014). 3. SWOT analysis of Hersheys- Strengths: Hersheys initiated the chocolate manufacturing renaissance It is one of the largets nd oldest chocolate manufacturer of North America The company has strong brand awareness and name The products of the company are diversified and there are a large number of variants in the candy and gum business A strong social image has been created through the orphan children school build by the company The company has focus on a number of industry segment so that it is easier to spread o n large market areas The company has a strong way of communicating with the consumers whereby the consumers can get additional information about the company. This makes a significant difference for the company The amusement park adds to the credibility of the brand Innovative technologies are being used by the company The supply chain management of the company is robust Weaknesses: The company has more long-term debt Advertisement expenses have increased Increased geographic coverage has led to lesser authority and dilution Intense competition implies limitation on market chare growth Opportunities: Consumers have changing tastes and want richer products. Dark chocolates are served for health benefits Efficient improvements can be done for distribution purpose A strong customer loyalty base is an advantage Hersheys has many different market areas due to increasing global trade Threats: Some primary competitors are Cadbury, Mars and Nestle There is a decrease in demand due to increasing diabetes Government support is lacking Steady increase in price of sugar and milk Steady increase of employees minimum wage (Kizil et al. 2013) Hershey needs to improve on the marketing startegies to reach out to the target market and expand its ustomer base. Attention of the consumers can be drawn by utilising innovative technologies for creating diverse design of chocolocates. This strategy may prove to be costly but public image would increase considerably. Hersheoy needs to have the focus on global market and move beyond the limited presence in limited areas of the globe. Marketing of the new flavoured chocolates in the supermarkets would having growing appreciation. The company would be provided with opportunities to work in collaboration with other food industries (Tanner and Mary 2011). 4. PEST analysis of Hersheys- Political- At present, there is no certain regulation related to price control. Moreover, there is no support received by the cocoa production from the government. Since the prices of chocolate are rising, it can be expected that there would soon be price control imposed on raw materials of chocolate. Cocoa production would also gain the price support from the government. Economical- The nest sales of the company has been found to be increasing in the last few years. The 5-year compound growth rate is 6.1% on average. In addition, a rising demand has been noticed for dark chocolate, that needs more amount of cocoa for production, due to benefits of health issues. This would potentially drive up the cocoa prices as a result of the deficit. Socio-cultural- People have higher preferences for chocolates during the festive periods, especially Christmas. The demand for chocolates is likely to be more in these time of the year in countries of North America. Regarding the demand of chocolate, a rise in the grindings is expected in North America. Technology- Lower prices of sugar, apprehensive knowledge resources drives manufacturers of Canada to manufacture in the United States. This provides the local chocolate retailers with a high chance to import their chocolates in place of purchasing the ones sold locally. Though this brings benefits for the chocolate manufacturers with less cost of input, the sugar producers of America face difficulties when the price falls to a very low level (Kotler and Armstrong 2013). 5. Two direct competitors of Hersheys are Nestle and Mars. Two indirect competitors of Hersheys are The American Pop Corn Company and Fortune Cookies. It is likely that the response of the competitors to such marketing strategy wouldcreate a ripple in the marketing domain. The first step that the competitors would take would be to understand the strenghts and weaknesses of Hersheys so that based on these findings the competitors may bring suitable changes in their marketing plan as well. The main focus of the competitor comoanies would then be drawn towards the customers in order to give a tough competition. For them this can prove to be a decisive benefit. Assessing what Hersheys is offering would be ther competitors prime aim. Some aspects that they may focus on are social marketing strategies, pricing strategies and target customers. Whether the prices are lower, wether the products are of high quality, whether the customer services are higher and whether marketing needs are more eng aging, are some of the pitoval concerns for the competitors that they would address. They would attempt to bring impreovements in their marketing strategies through these methods (Barrett and Weinstein 2015). 6. The specific target market for this product would be the young generation consumers. This would encompass individuals of age between 13-25. This group of customers would bring the maximum profit for the company. Product- The product of Hersheys can be improved through some effective strategies. The first would be to cater the consumers with dark chocolate that have a low content of calories. This would possibly change the perception of chocolate being an unhealthy food. The second strategy would be to add flavonoid substances in the products since such flavonoids help in protecting the cardio-vascular system in consumers immediately after consumption. Pricing- It would be highly beneficial to dip down the prices of the product and set it at a range that can be afforded by target consumers. Since the target consumers of the product are youngsters, it is likely that they would not be able to spend much on buying the product. Setting the price at a reasonable level would ensure maximum sale and popularity. The pricing power needs to be developed with special attention to prices set by new entrants in the market. Competitive pricing would be the underpinning strategy for the product. Promotional- Promotion is a key aspect of marketing and greatly influences the sales figure. It is, therefore, to be done smartly. The product needs to be marketed with the help of TVCs as well as print advertisements, specially magazine. The company also needs to plan for accomplishing promotional programs with the help of event sponsorship. Social media is a good option for reaching out to the younger generation, and therefore social media platforms like Facebook and Youtube can be used for online promotion. This would ensure that communication with the target customers is established. Commercialisation of holidays could possibly increase the popularity of the product. The product can be sold at discounted prices during holidays for gaining more profits. Place- The product needs to be available in mall supermarkets, groceries, stores, movie houses, coffee shops, connivance stores and at times at discount stores. The product is to be found in the candy aisles and cash register. The stores are to offer good customer services. Using trade discounts would be beneficial for the product (Hollensen 2015). References Armstrong, Gary, et al.Principles of marketing. Pearson Australia, 2014. Barrett, Hilton, and Art Weinstein. "Corporate entrepreneurship, the marketing mix, and business performance."Proceedings of the 1997 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference. Springer International Publishing, 2015. Hollensen, Svend.Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education, 2015. Kizil, Cevdet, et al. "Hershey's Entry to the Australian Market with a New Brand: An Accounting and Marketing Perspective."Emerging Markets Journal3.2 (2013): 97. Solomon, Michael.Marketing. 1st ed., Pearson, 2017. Tanner, John F., and Mary Anne Raymond.Principles of marketing. Irvington, NY: Flat World Knowledge, 2011.

The Crucible John Proctor Essays - Salem Witch Trials, The Crucible

The Crucible: John Proctor In the book The Crucible there is a struggle within to have one have a sense of belonging to society. They want to be loved by that society no matter how much they may seem that they don't belong. But they do want to show that to everyone, everyone that may not think that. John Proctor is a good example of a struggle to find a place in society. He's the type of person that wants to plow his fields on the good days even if the good day is only on Sunday of that week. His struggle to make a living with his crops gets him into trouble with the very religious Puritan community of Salem Massachusetts. If John Proctor has a fault its that he's to honest when he thinks your wrong about something he will make you know about it. John Proctor only got involved with this whole witch trial because of a girl by the name of Abigail Williams. If it wasn't for her falling in love with John then he wouldn't be put on trial for anything. Abigail got him involved with the witch trials because John wanted to go back to his wife and he didn't want Abigail in his life at all. After Abigail came into his life he started not believing in himself. He was struggling in life and with this family life. He tries to ignore the events in Salem but when Mary Warren announces that she is an official of the court and that Elizabeth Proctor has been mentioned. Proctor still wants to dismiss the hearings but his wife uses his guilt about adultery to extract a promise that he will expose Abigail as a fraud. As a result of being involved with the witch trials he finds himself accused of being a witch. After being tried and condemned to death, John refuses to confess. But he doesn't want to die because of some witches that are just making lies. So he signs the paper that is going to be nailed to the church door saying he has committed sins. He asks himself ?God in heaven, what is John Proctor, what is John Proctor.? He is asking if John Proctor is considered honest or a liar. Because he knows he did nothing wrong in his life but he is accused and no one wants to believe him. But he shortly takes back his claim and refuses to sign it because he doesn't want his friends being condemned for his actions, ?I speak my own sins, I cannot judge another. I have no tongue for it.? So by doing so he answers part of the question ?What is John Proctor? by coming forth on his own view of himself. John Proctor cannot live with the lie if he had signed that confession, so he will die by his own honesty. With a man just trying to make a living with his life, he finds himself involved with something he didn't want to get involved with at all. He was struggling not to get involved with the trials and yet he still wanted to live his own life not being told what to do by other people while still being like by other people in the community. He didn't want his name to be ruined by signing that confession. If he did his life would be ruined people would think of him as being evil when his name would be mentioned. He didn't want his sons to have them see there father being shunned by the community. All this man wanted to do was to be loved and respected by others. Creative Writing